Computer Science Programming Basics In Ruby

Computer Science Programming in Rubby Language. This Basic Computer book will guide you about both concept that What is Computer science and what is Computer programming. So this book is really best guide line and instructive for the Computer Programmer. Computer science introductory texts are often unnecessarily long. Many exceed 500

pages, laboriously describing every nuance of whatever programming language they are using to introduce the concepts. There is a better way: a programming language that has a low entry barrier. Preferably,

the language selected should be a real, widely used language with a subset that is powerful and useful, yet mercifully small. Such a choice should arm the readers with marketable tools. The esoteric details of the programming language, however, should be ignored but with pointers for future investigation provided. Ruby is a programming language well suited to this task. It is object-oriented, interpreted, and relatively straightforward. More so, instead of being purely educationally oriented, its popularity in industry is steadfastly growing. Our book should be covered in sequential fashion. Each chapter assumes that the material from the preceding chapters has been mastered. To focus the discussion, we ignore gory details, such as user interface design and development issues, that we believe are

ancillary to the core of computer science. Such issues should be, and are, covered in depth in a variety of subsequent courses. Our target audience is students and practitioners who wish to learn computer science using Ruby rather than just how to program in a given language. This book consistently emphasizes why computer science is different from computer programming. Students and practitioners must understand what an algorithm is and what differentiates differing algorithms for the same task. Although we are living in an era of growing computational resources, we are also living in a world of growing data sets. Data amass every day; thus, efficient algorithms are needed to process these data..The following are the main Contents.

Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix

1. Introduction to Computer Science. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Application Development 2

Step 1: Understand the Problem 2

Step 2: Write Out the Solution in Plain Language 3

Step 3: Translate the Language into Code 3

Step 4: Test the Code in the Computer 4

1.3 Algorithms 4

1.3.1 Algorithm Efficiency 5

1.4 Summary 6

1.4.1 Key Concepts 6

1.4.2 Key Definitions 7

1.5 Exercises 7

2. How Does the Computer Really Work?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 11

2.1 Introduction 11

2.2 Basic Nomenclature and Components of a Computer System 11

2.3 Scales of Magnitude 14

2.4 Instruction Execution—Speed and Timing Scales 16

2.5 Bit Strings and Their Meaning 17

2.6 The Interpreter Process and Ruby 19

2.7 Summary 21

2.7.1 Key Concepts 21

2.7.2 Key Definitions 22

2.8 Exercises 22

3. Core Programming Elements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 23

3.1 Introduction 23

3.2 Getting Started 24

How to Install Ruby 24

How to Save Programs 24

3.3 What Is a Variable? 24

Constants: Variables That Never Change 26

Data Types 26

Integer 27

Float 27

Strings 28

Booleans 28

3.4 Basic Arithmetic Operators 28

3.5 Input and Output 31

Output Using Variables 31

Display User Input 32

Basic Programs 32

Step 1: Understanding the Problem 32

Step 2: Write Out the Problem in Plain Language 33

Step 3: Rewrite the Plain Language into Code 33

Step 4: Test the Code in the Computer 34

3.6 Common Programming Errors 34

Syntax Errors 34

Logic Errors 35

3.7 Mixing Data Types 36

3.8 Summary 36

3.8.1 Key Concepts 36

3.8.2 Key Definitions 37

3.9 Exercises 38

4. Conditional Structures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

4.1 Introduction 41

4.2 Flow of Execution 41

Logic Flow 41

4.3 Conditional Control 42

Control Flow 45

4.4 If-Then-Else Statements 46

Testing Conditional Flow 48

Elsif Statements 49

4.5 Case Statements 51

4.6 Debugging 52

4.6.1 Alternative Styles of Debugging 54

4.7 Summary 55

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